快穿之炮灰受逆袭系统:英文译中文

Documentary Collections
Other types of transport documents will serve as a contract of carriage, but do not act as
a document of title. Documents of title are legal instruments that evidence the ownership of
goods. Common documents of title include dock receipts, warehouse receipts, and bills of lading.
They are issued by a pay (known as the bailee) in receipt for goods taken into its possession
from a bailor. Documents of title may be either negotiable or nonnegotiable. A negotiable
document is one that can legally be transferred from one party to another in return for value or
payment. Negotiable documents of title are used to transfer ownership of goods from one party to
another without the necessity of transferring physical possession of the goods themselves. The
property can stay in the possession of the bailee, while the owner can safely trade,barter,pledge,
or deal with it in the commercial world.
Typically, the documentary collection works like this: The seller places the goods in the
hands of a carrier and receives a bill of lading in return. The seller indorses the bill of lading and
presents it to the bank for collection. Along with the bill of lading, the seller will include other
essential documents, such as a marine insurance policy on the goods covering the risks of the
ocean voyage. A certificate of origin may be required by customs regulations in the buyer's
country. The seller's commercial invoice describing the goods and showing the price to be paid is
always required. Finally, a documentary draft will be needed to expedite the exchange of money.
The draft is a negotiable instrument used to make payment for the invoice and for the bill of
lading. The draft is a negotiable "order to pay" made out by the seller, drawn on the buyer for
collection, and payable to the order of the seller. Its purpose is to tell the parties how much to pay
when purchasing the bill of lading. The draft will also be needed by the bank if financing is to be
provided for the sale. Other documents may be required, as well, depending on the needs of the
parties or the export-import regulations of their countries.
The seller's bank forwards the draft and documents to a collecting bank in the buyer's
country, with instructions that the documents can be released to the buyer only upon payment of
the draft. The collecting bank negotiates the documents to the buyer upon payment of the draft,
and remits the money back to the seller's bank. In addition to the many variations of the
collection process, banks offer a range of trade finance services to help finance the deal between
buyer and seller.